python日期时间案例（持续更新）
作者：YXN-python 阅读量：66 发布日期：2023-03-25
当前相关
1、展示当前日期和时间
import time
from time import gmtime, strftime
t = time.localtime()
print(time.asctime(t)) # Mon Mar 25 13:17:04 2024
print(strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S +0000", gmtime())) # Mon, 25 Mar 2024 05:17:04 +0000
print(strftime("%A", gmtime())) # Monday
print(strftime("%D", gmtime())) # 03/25/24
print(strftime("%B", gmtime())) # March
print(strftime("%y", gmtime())) # 24
# 将秒转换为GMT日期
print(strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S +0000", gmtime(1234567890))) # Fri, 13 Feb 2009 23:31:30 +00002、以毫秒为单位获取当前时间
import time
milliseconds = int(round(time.time() * 1000))
print(milliseconds) # 17113444203743、以 MST、EST、UTC、GMT 和 HST 获取当前日期时间
from datetime import datetime
from pytz import timezone
mst = timezone('MST')
print("MST:", datetime.now(mst)) # MST: 2024-03-24 22:29:18.306016-07:00
est = timezone('EST')
print("EST:", datetime.now(est)) # EST: 2024-03-25 00:29:18.306016-05:00
utc = timezone('UTC')
print("UTC:", datetime.now(utc)) # UTC: 2024-03-25 05:29:18.306016+00:00
gmt = timezone('GMT')
print("GMT:", datetime.now(gmt)) # GMT: 2024-03-25 05:29:18.307015+00:00
hst = timezone('HST')
print("HST:", datetime.now(hst)) # HST: 2024-03-24 19:29:18.307015-10:00
转换相关
1、将天、小时、分钟转换为秒
SECONDS_PER_MINUTE = 60
SECONDS_PER_HOUR = 3600
SECONDS_PER_DAY = 86400
days = int(input("输入天数: "))
hours = int(input("输入小时数: "))
minutes = int(input("输入分钟数: "))
seconds = int(input("输入秒数: "))
# 计算天、小时、分钟和秒
total_seconds = days * SECONDS_PER_DAY
total_seconds = total_seconds + (hours * SECONDS_PER_HOUR)
total_seconds = total_seconds + (minutes * SECONDS_PER_MINUTE)
total_seconds = total_seconds + seconds
print("总秒数: ", "%d" % (total_seconds))2、将字符串转换为日期时间对象
from datetime import datetime
from dateutil import parser
d1 = "Jan 7 2015 1:15PM"
d2 = "2015 Jan 7 1:33PM"
# 如果您知道日期格式
date1 = datetime.strptime(d1, '%b %d %Y %I:%M%p')
print(type(date1))
print(date1) # 2015-01-07 13:15:00
# 如果您不知道日期格式
date2 = parser.parse(d2)
print(type(date2))
print(date2) # 2015-01-07 13:33:003、将整数转换为日期对象
from datetime import datetime
i = 1545730073
timestamp = datetime.fromtimestamp(i)
print(timestamp) # 2018-12-25 17:27:53
计算相关
1、计算两个日期时间对象之间的时差
import datetime
datetimeFormat = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f'
date1 = '2024-04-16 10:01:28.585'
date2 = '2024-03-10 09:56:28.067'
diff = datetime.datetime.strptime(date1, datetimeFormat) \
- datetime.datetime.strptime(date2, datetimeFormat)
print("Difference:", diff) # Difference: 37 days, 0:05:00.518000
print("Days:", diff.days) # Days: 37
print("Microseconds:", diff.microseconds) # Microseconds: 518000
print("Seconds:", diff.seconds) # Seconds: 3002、将 5 分钟添加到 Unix 时间戳
import datetime
import calendar
future = datetime.datetime.utcnow() + datetime.timedelta(minutes=5)
print(calendar.timegm(future.timetuple())) # 17113451843、在 Python 中遍历一系列日期
import datetime
start = datetime.datetime.strptime("21-06-2020", "%d-%m-%Y")
end = datetime.datetime.strptime("05-07-2020", "%d-%m-%Y")
date_generated = [start + datetime.timedelta(days=x) for x in range(0, (end - start).days)]
for date in date_generated:
print(date.strftime("%d-%m-%Y")) # 21-06-2020 22-06-2020 23-06-2020 ...4、使用 Python 获得最后7个工作日
from datetime import date
from datetime import timedelta
today = date.today()
for i in range(7):
d = today - timedelta(days=i)
if d.weekday() < 5:
print(d) # 2024-03-25 2024-03-22 2024-03-21 ...5、从今天的日期和一个人的生日推算年龄
from datetime import date
def calculate_age(born):
today = date.today()
try:
birthday = born.replace(year=today.year)
except ValueError:
birthday = born.replace(year=today.year, month=born.month + 1, day=1)
if birthday > today:
return today.year - born.year - 1
else:
return today.year - born.year
print(calculate_age(date(2001, 3, 1))) # 236、从给定的日期当中获取星期几
import datetime
dayofweek = datetime.date(2010, 6, 16).strftime("%A")
print(dayofweek) # Wednesday
# weekday 星期一是0，星期日是6
print("weekday():", datetime.date(2010, 6, 16).weekday()) # weekday(): 2
# isoweekday() 周一是1，周日是7
print("isoweekday()", datetime.date(2010, 6, 16).isoweekday()) # isoweekday() 3
dayofweek = datetime.datetime.today().strftime("%A")
print(dayofweek) # Monday
print("weekday():", datetime.datetime.today().weekday()) # weekday(): 0
print("isoweekday()", datetime.datetime.today().isoweekday()) # isoweekday() 17、当前日期减去 N 天的天数
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
d = datetime.today() - timedelta(days=5)
print(d) # 2024-03-20 13:43:18.6011648、比较两个日期
import datetime
a = datetime.datetime(2020, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59)
b = datetime.datetime(2020, 11, 30, 23, 59, 59)
print(a < b) # False
print(a > b) # True9、从当前日期获取 7 天前的日期
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
now = datetime.now()
for x in range(7):
d = now - timedelta(days=x)
print(d.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")) # 2024-03-25 2024-03-24 2024-03-23 ...10、将两个日期时间对象之间的差值转换为秒
import datetime
time1 = datetime.datetime.strptime('19 01 2021', '%d %m %Y')
time2 = datetime.datetime.strptime('25 01 2021', '%d %m %Y')
difference = time2 - time1
print(difference) # 6 days, 0:00:00
seconds = difference.total_seconds()
print(seconds) # 518400.011、从 Python 中的周数获取日期
import datetime
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta
week = 25
year = 2021
date = datetime.date(year, 1, 1) + relativedelta(weeks=+week)
print(date) # 2021-06-2512、创建一个 15 分钟前的 DateTime
import datetime
dt = datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(minutes=15)
print(dt) # 2024-03-25 13:35:27.49502413、计算时间减去指定时间后的时间
def time_diff(times, seconds):
"""
计算两个时间差
:param times: 时间字符串 如：00:15:14.96 或 00:15:14
:param seconds: 秒数
:return: 如：00:15:09.96
"""
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
if '.' in times:
format_ = "%H:%M:%S.%f"
else:
format_ = "%H:%M:%S"
time_obj = datetime.strptime(times, format_)
new_time_obj = time_obj - timedelta(seconds=seconds)
return new_time_obj.time()
YXN-python
2023-03-25